Search results for "Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Externalized decondensed neutrophil chromatin occludes pancreatic ducts and drives pancreatitis

2016

Ductal occlusion has been postulated to precipitate focal pancreatic inflammation, while the nature of the primary occluding agents has remained elusive. Neutrophils make use of histone citrullination by peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 (PADI4) in contact to particulate agents to extrude decondensed chromatin as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In high cellular density, NETs form macroscopically visible aggregates. Here we show that such aggregates form inside pancreatic ducts in humans and mice occluding pancreatic ducts and thereby driving pancreatic inflammation. Experimental models indicate that PADI4 is critical for intraductal aggregate formation and that PADI4-deficiency abrogates…

0301 basic medicineExtracellular TrapsHydrolasesNeutrophilsScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyBiologyExtracellular TrapsArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMice03 medical and health sciencesPancreatic JuiceProtein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4medicineAnimalsHumansPancreasCeruletideMultidisciplinaryReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionQInterleukin-17Pancreatic DuctsGeneral ChemistryNeutrophil extracellular trapsFlow Cytometrymedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryChromatinCell biologyChromatinDisease Models AnimalHistone citrullination030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurePancreatitisChronic DiseasePancreatic juiceImmunologyProtein-Arginine DeiminasesCytokinesPancreatitisPancreasCeruletideNature Communications
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Neutrophil extracellular traps impair fungal clearance in a mouse model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis

2019

Abstract Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are formed by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and contribute to the innate host defense by binding and killing bacterial and fungal pathogens. Because NET formation depends on histone hypercitrullination by peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), we used PAD4 gene deficient (Pad4-/-) mice in a mouse model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) to address the contribution of NETs to the innate host defense in vivo. After the induction (24 h) of IPA by i.t. infection with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, Pad4-/- mice revealed lower fungal burden in the lungs, accompanied by less acute lung injury, TNFα and citH3 compared to wildtype controls. T…

0301 basic medicineNeutrophilsImmunologyMedizinApoptosisLung injuryExtracellular TrapsArticleAspergillus fumigatusMicrobiologyMice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineProtein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4In vivomedicineAnimalsHumansImmunology and Allergyskin and connective tissue diseasesLungInvasive Pulmonary AspergillosisMice KnockoutLungbiologyAspergillus fumigatusWild typeHematologyNeutrophil extracellular trapsbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseImmunity Innaterespiratory tract diseasesMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalPneumonia030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureCitrullinationTumor necrosis factor alpha030215 immunologyImmunobiology
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Molecular mechanisms of NET formation and degradation revealed by intravital imaging in the liver vasculature

2015

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of DNA decorated with histones and proteases trap and kill bacteria but also injure host tissue. Here we show that during a bloodstream infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the majority of bacteria are sequestered immediately by hepatic Kupffer cells, resulting in transient increases in liver enzymes, focal ischaemic areas and a robust neutrophil infiltration into the liver. The neutrophils release NETs into the liver vasculature, which remain anchored to the vascular wall via von Willebrand factor and reveal significant neutrophil elastase (NE) proteolytic activity. Importantly, DNase although very effective at D…

MaleMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusExtracellular TrapsProteasesHydrolasesKupffer CellsGeneral Physics and AstronomyBacteremiaBiologyHepatic Veinsmedicine.disease_causeExtracellular TrapsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHistonesMiceHepatic ArteryVon Willebrand factorProtein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4von Willebrand FactormedicineAnimalsMice KnockoutMultidisciplinaryDeoxyribonucleasesGeneral ChemistryNeutrophil extracellular trapsStaphylococcal Infectionsmedicine.disease3. Good healthCell biologyHistoneLiverNeutrophil InfiltrationStaphylococcus aureusNeutrophil elastaseImmunologybiology.proteinLeukocyte ElastaseInfiltration (medical)
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